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TWTS: Fit to be furious

This image features the title of the podcast "That's What They Say," written in a playful, black cursive font. The title is set against a light beige background and is decorated with various-sized speech bubbles in shades of blue and red. Small, black hand-drawn stars or sparkles are scattered around the text and bubbles. Below the main title, the names of the hosts, "with Anne Curzan & Rebecca Hector," are written in a smaller, simpler font.

Have you ever been so angry you could hardly speak?

Lucky for you, the English language has no shortage of ways to describe such an emotion. We can be furious, livid, incensed, ballistic, infuriated, or outraged. All of these suggest someone on the verge of losing control.

In other words, someone who might be fit to be tied. That anger-laced phrase has been on our minds ever since our listener Sherry Wells wrote to us: “I have a feeling I’ll say ‘Oh, of course!’ once you explain this, but where does the phrase fit to be tied come from?”

Unfortunately, we don't have a firm origin story for "fit to be tied." We can unpack this phrase a bit though, starting with "fit."

The adjective "fit" goes back hundreds of years. It meant "in a suitable condition for doing or undergoing something," as in "fit for service." By the 1500s, "fit" could also mean “ready for” or “in a state of.”

The Oxford English Dictionary gives the example, "They make you stand until you are fit to sink," meaning that you're made to stand until you're ready to sink to the ground. "Fit to sink" could also mean "embarrassed" or "alarmed." We can probably all think of a time when were so embarrassed we wanted to sink into the floor.

By the early 1800s, the phrase "fit to be tied" had turned up in the language as a way to describe someone so angry that they might need to be physically restrained - tied up, so to speak. In some dialects, the phrase can also refer to someone who’s overly excited or agitated.

For more on "fit to be tied" and other "fit to be" phrases, listen to the audio above.

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Rebecca Hector is the host of All Things Considered at Michigan Public. She also co-hosts Michigan Public's weekly language podcast That’s What They Say with English professor Anne Curzan.
Anne Curzan is the Geneva Smitherman Collegiate Professor of English and an Arthur F. Thurnau Professor at the University of Michigan. She also holds faculty appointments in the Department of Linguistics and the School of Education.
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